A family-based green card allows U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents to sponsor certain family members for immigrant visas. In 2025, the process involves submitting an immigrant visa petition using Form I-130, which establishes the qualifying relationship. Eligible relatives include spouses, children, parents, and siblings. Once the petition is approved, applicants may apply for a green card either through adjustment of status if they are in the U.S. or through consular processing if they are outside the U.S.

The family-based visa categories include two main groups: Immediate Relative and Family Preference categories. The Immediate Relative category has no cap on the number of visas issued and includes spouses, unmarried children under 21, and parents of U.S. citizens. Family Preference categories, however, are limited in number and include unmarried sons and daughters of U.S. citizens, married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens, and siblings of U.S. citizens, among others. Each category has different wait times and priority dates.

The visa bulletin is crucial for family-based green card applicants as it indicates when visas are available in each category. It provides final action dates and dates for filing for various visa categories. For applicants, understanding the visa bulletin helps determine if their priority date is current, which is essential for proceeding with their green card application.

The process starts with filing Form I-130 by a U.S. citizen or permanent resident sponsor. After approval and once the priority date is current, the beneficiary applies for the immigrant visa (if outside the U.S.) or for adjustment of status (if already in the U.S.). Applicants submit required forms, supporting documents, and attend an interview. Upon approval, the beneficiary receives a green card and becomes a lawful permanent resident.